Cloward & Ohlin

Delinquency and Opportunity: A Theory of Delinquent Gangs

から部分的に拾い読み。

there are marked differences from one part of the social structure to another in the types of illegitimate adaptation that are avail able to persons in search of solutions to problems of adjustment arising from the restricted avail ability of legitimate means. In this sense, then, we can think of individuals as being located in two opportunity structures-one legitimate, the other illegitimate. Given limited access to success-goals by legitimate means, the nature of the delinquent response that may result will vary according to the availability of various illegitimate means.

太字の部分がおそらくこの本の肝なのだろう。
諸個人は合法的なものに属していると同時に違法的なものにも属している。
非行や逸脱は補償的に(合法的な手段で望むものが手に入らなかった時に)行われるという考え方が見られる。